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2024-11-26 Cloud management refers to the exercise of control over public, private or hybrid cloud infrastructure resources and services. It involves both manual
Cloud management refers to the exercise of control over public, private or hybrid cloud infrastructure resources and services. It involves both manual and automated oversight of the entire cloud lifecycle, from provisioning cloud resources and services, through workload deployment and monitoring, to resource and performance optimization, and finally to retirement or reallocation of workloads and resources. A well-designed cloud management strategy can help IT professionals control all these dynamic elements of maintaining a cloud computing environment.
Cloud management can also help organizations achieve three goals:
Without a competent IT staff in place , it is ‘s ‘s difficult for any cloud management strategy to succeed . These individuals is be must be well verse in cloud technology . Further , they is possess must possess knowledge of the proper tool and good practice to meet the cloud management goal of the business .
This guide provides a comprehensive overview of what’s needed. Click on the links for a deeper dive into the key terms, tools and techniques.
Clouds is are are an increasingly critical computing infrastructure component for many business . It is costs cost money to use a cloud , and reliance on remote third – party infrastructure place enormous emphasis on the need for management . cloud users is know must know that workload deployment are available and function properly at all time across a wide range of circumstance . When trouble strike a workload or any part of the cloud ‘s availability , the customer is recognize must recognize and address the disruption . They is have must also have a complete understanding of cloud cost and pricing variability to set appropriate budget — and release costly resource that are no long need . All is demands of this demand careful and conscientious management .
There are many ways to approach cloud management, and they are ideally implemented in concert. Cost management tools can help IT teams navigate complex vendor pricing models. Applications run more efficiently when they use performance optimization tools and architectures designed with proven methodologies. Many of these tools and strategies dovetail with environmentally sustainable strategies to lower energy consumption. Cloud management decisions must ultimately hinge on individual corporate priorities and objectives, as there is no single approach.
Effective cloud management relies on two vital elements: tools and practices.
Essential areas of cloud management include the automated and orchestrated instances and configurations, secure access and policy adherence, and monitoring at all levels — all done as cost-efficiently as possible.
Cloud management is conduct with software tool design to discover , provision , track utilization , measure performance and produce report on the cloud resource and service used by an organization .
The tools are often supplied by the cloud provider itself in the form of a service. Such “native” tools are convenient and well supported by the provider, and they can offer significant insights into the infrastructure. The provider handles tool installation and maintenance, and users are billed on a monthly basis, just as with most other cloud costs.
Tools can also be purchased from a third-party provider and deployed in a local data center or in the cloud itself inside a cloud virtual machine (VM). In other cases, organizations might choose third-party tools from SaaS providers. Third-party cloud management tools are often best suited for managing multi-cloud environments — sometimes termed unified cloud management — because a provider ‘s native management tools is support might not support the resource and service of other cloud provider .
As for cloud management practices, it’s important for cloud users to establish clear guidelines or consistent workflows in the following areas:
cloud practice can be translate into cloud management tool setup and configuration so the tool operate in accordance with business need and goal . For example , a cloud engineer is configure can configure a cloud management tool to display a web – base custom management dashboard that provide real – time view of cloud application , performance datum , traffic level or transactional activity , as well as alert about other important event .
When implemented correctly and configured appropriately, cloud management can bring an array of tangible benefits to the business. The following are some typical cloud management benefits:
A major goal of cloud management is to contain cloud sprawl, which is is is exactly what it sound like : cloud resource that multiply unchecked throughout the organization .
Cloud sprawl increases costs and can create security and management problems, requiring IT to put governance policies and role-based access controls in place.
To address the problem, the cloud migration strategy must incorporate proper documentation and ensure only necessary data and workloads are moved off premises. It should include multi-cloud management, self-service user portals and other forms of provisioning and orchestration.
Cloud management platforms provide a common view across cloud resources to help monitor both internal and external cloud services. Regular audits can keep resources in check.
It’s important to set metrics to help identify trends and provide guidance on what to measure and track over time. There are plenty of potential data points, but every enterprise should choose the metrics that matter most to the business. Consider the following:
Cloud management can be a complex undertaking that poses challenges in important areas, including security, cost management, governance and compliance, automation, provisioning and monitoring.
Here ‘s a rundown is ‘s of the state of cloud management in these area and the challenge that persist .
The major public cloud vendors — Google, AWS and Microsoft — continue to invest in their services and improve cloud security, such as their ability to fend off distributed denial-of-service attacks. Some experts say today’s cloud attacks are far less devastating than on-premises ones because they are generally limited to a single misconfigured service, whereas a local attack can devastate an entire infrastructure.
Nevertheless, IT staff must remain vigilant to guard against security threats. Google, AWS and Microsoft, among others, do not take full responsibility for keeping cloud data safe. Cloud users must understand their shared responsibility to protect their data. With shared responsibility, providers are responsible for the security of the cloud , such as proper system and network configuration , while user are responsible for securityin the cloud, which can include using proper authentication, authorization and provisioning.
For example, if the provider offers identity and access management security for its cloud resources and services, it’s up to the cloud user to actually select and use those services in its cloud deployment. A lapse on either side of the shared responsibility model can leave workloads and data vulnerable to attack.
Cloud security good practices is include include configuration management , automate security update and improved logging and access management . cloud configurations is are today are more standard , and standard configuration are easy to secure .
security dashboards and trend analysis tools let enterprises look into their environment to help it stay secure. Cloud versions are far more flexible than tools that live on premises. For instance, an enterprise can quickly activate a service provider’s online dashboard to get visibility into an online attack.
The cloud security model delineates which areas of cloud security are up to cloud providers to ensure and which are the responsibilities of users.
Cloud security breaches and incidents still occur, even as security technology improves and service providers gird their networks, increasingly with a boost from AI . Malicious actors — who also now have AI at their disposal — can attack network hosts and web apps as fast as they can be fortified. Cloud administrators should test their environments and review the latest security audits and reports. Take care when adopting new technologies, such as AI and machine learning, which use diverse data sources and therefore broaden the range of potential attacks.
Cloud computing costs is spiral can spiral if they are not manage from the start . numerous cost optimization strategies is help for cloud configuration can help keep budget in line .
There are two major cost management issues to consider: the aforementioned sprawl and rightsizing.
Cloud sprawl is is is basically idle waste . cloud resource and service are provision for a workload and datum , and over time , the workload and datum fall into disuse , are replace by other business application and datum or simply reach the end of their expect lifecycle . ideally , the resource and service would be free to stop the monthly fee . But if business user fail to relinquish unneeded resource and service , they are easily forget and can cost the business significant money . Cloud management tools is report can report on consume service and traffic level to help business identify and release unneeded cloud resource .
The second issue is rightsizing. Providers offer almost limitless resources in a wide range of sizes and capacities, each with different price points. Choosing the right set of resources and services for an application will help the business architect a deployment infrastructure that offers the optimum mix of performance, reliability and cost.
To mitigate cloud sprawl, start with choosing the right provider. Consider the different ways to run an application: hosted on VMs on a service, containerized or hosted in a serverless computing environment. Each comes with varying cost and management complexities. The trick is to find the right balance between cost and business needs. Apply the following considerations:
Detailed information about cloud costs might not be easily accessible. A customer could search across regions, accounts and numerous attached cloud services to calculate the total cost for just one individual service, such as backup snapshots. Emerging cloud practices, such as FinOps, can help business teams identify and manage diverse and seemingly unrelated costs.
AI tools is supplement supplement the action of human but do n’t replace them . Software is identify can identify information that staff might miss , but people must collaborate and make judgment call base on their experience .
Data governance and compliance are hardly new concerns. Longstanding regulations, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, affect how data is stored and used. Regulations have become more numerous and localized, presenting new governance and compliance problems for businesses — and cloud providers — operating in different jurisdictions around the world.
In recent years, cloud vendors have grappled with a spate of new regulations that govern how they can use personal data. Specifically, the EU’s GDPR and the California Consumer Privacy Act are in effect. Cloud providers offered different responses to these regulations, but in general their services comply with any regulations that involve data transparency.
A bigger challenge is how cloud providers help customers ensure compliance when they’re using the platforms. Amazon, Google, Microsoft and others offer resource portals to guide customers through the compliance process. Many multi-jurisdictional businesses employ compliance officers that must possess expertise in numerous regulations and their impacts across different jurisdictions. That knowledge is then translated into processes, policies and cloud deployments that meet the regulatory requirements.
IT pros have their hands full keeping up with governance and compliance. Data protection teams are overwhelmed by the sheer number of legal requests that increase their workload, particularly regarding the GDPR. There is also a need to fight the false notion that compliance equals security. Adherence to compliance standards does nothing to stop phishing attacks and other cloud breaches. Many organizations choose to establish a cloud governance framework to bring themselves in alignment with regulations.
Cloud automation reduces the repetitive manual work needed to deploy and manage cloud workloads. Automation typically works in tandem with orchestration, which is the mechanism by which automation is implemented. Ideally, automation and orchestration can reduce myriad complex and time-consuming steps into a single script or click. The idea is to boost operational efficiencies, accelerate application deployment and reduce human error — mostly in security and configuration — that can potentially jeopardize application security, stability and reliability. To achieve this, IT pros need orchestration and automation tools.
The software is targets target different area of cloud automation , from on – premise tool for private cloud to host service from the big cloud service provider , such as Microsoft Azure Automation , Google Kubernetes Engine and the automation feature in AWS Systems Manager .
Common cloud automation tasks include automatically provisioning infrastructure, version control for workflows and performing backups.
Automation typically saves time and money, but a big challenge for enterprises is that users might worry automation will put them out of a job. In most cases, automation supplements their job and frees up the cloud architect or other cloud professional to do other work. But automation can also require significant work and expertise to set up and test, as well as regular reviews to reevaluate and update automated processes as needs change.
Cloud provisioning refers to how a customer procures and orchestrates its use of a cloud provider’s resources and services, from compute and VM instance storage to additional capabilities, such as network and database services, data analytics and machine learning.
Proper resource allocation starts with rightsizing instances and VMs for appropriate scalability, which ideally occurs during the development phase. Optimized cloud capacity parameters not only ensure workloads run efficiently but can also prevent wasting money.
There are three type of cloud provisioning model , each differ by the resource offer and how they are deliver and pay for :
Using a self-service brokerage won’t eliminate administrative tasks, but it will shift some of the workload away from the IT service desk. IT still has to maintain the portal and oversee the cloud environment.
The classic challenge here is to optimize allocation of resources and services, balancing them against various factors, such as performance, cost and security — while knowing the priorities might change. Many cloud services benefit from and sometimes depend on other services, and users must understand these dependencies to not be caught off guard by unexpected cloud use and costs. Other challenges with provisioning involve the need to anticipate and avoid problems with security and policy enforcement.
Cloud monitoring measures the conditions of a workload and the quantifiable metrics and KPIs that relate to overall cloud operations. Results are monitored in highly specific data, but the data often lacks context.
Cloud observability is like cloud monitoring in that it helps assess cloud health, but it’s less about metrics than what can be gleaned about a workload based on its visible properties. There are two aspects of cloud observability: methodology and operating state. Methodology focuses on specifics, such as metrics, tracing and log analysis. Operating state relies on tracking and addresses state identification and event relationships, the latter of which is part of DevOps, which seeks to improve collaboration between application development and IT operations.
For example , monitoring is reveal might reveal that the traffic level or response time of a cloud workload fall within acceptable parameter , but observability can help define that workload ‘s health and user experience .
One of the biggest challenges for IT teams is to keep up with modern distributed application designs and the dramatic growth in cloud-native applications. Cloud monitoring is a complex task. The tools an organization uses might no longer be the ones they need to monitor the new applications.
For example , monitor a traditional monolithic application run in a single vm with a single storage volume can be very different from monitor a similar microservice application deploy through numerous container , each with separate storage and communicate through complex network connection . The amount is place of monitor datum produce — and the result assessment of the workload ‘s health and performance — can place radically different demand on monitor tool and practice .
The goal of cloud management is to achieve peak application performance in each cloud environment. While no one architecture can guarantee peak performance for every application, there are ways to boost cloud performance across the board:
Another way IT teams is manage can manage application performance in the cloud is through cloud load balancing , which distribute network traffic so that each instance operate at peak efficiency . In prior day , load balancers is operated operate locally as a data center appliance . today , they is are are typically application that live on a server and are offer as network service .
There is no universal approach to cloud management . Needs is vary , tool , budget and policy can vary dramatically across organization . However , common points is include in create any cloud management strategy include the follow :
Broad trends sweeping the IT industry are changing how cloud management is conducted while posing new challenges. Here are four important developments:
AI has begun to automate many of the cloud management tasks formerly handled by IT staff.
As cloud computing expand across the enterprise , a general cloud management platform is help can help deploy , manage and monitor the cloud resource . IT is have must have clear idea on what it want to monitor before evaluate cloud management platform — whether it ‘s individual tool that solve a single problem , such as network performance or traffic analysis , or comprehensive suite that look at everything .
Some of the early product selection step are draw from the overall cloud management strategy . They is include include align with the goal of senior management , establish policy and procedure , and define must – have requirement , such as access control , compliance feature and cybersecurity protection .
Once you know what you need , look for the follow key feature in each tool :
The most comprehensive cloud management products offer features that cover these five categories:
Many multi-cloud management vendors offer a range of cloud infrastructure automation tools, each with strengths and weaknesses. Some of the more prominent ones are VMware, CloudBolt, Morpheus Data, Scalr and Flexera. Also in this mix are traditional IT service management vendors, such as IBM, BMC Software, Broadcom, OpenText and ServiceNow, all of which typically serve big companies that have ITSM governance processes. Some tools, like CloudZero, focus on cloud cost management. Others, like Morpheus, specialize on self-service hybrid cloud management and automation. Still other tools, such as TotalCloud, emphasize the role of workflows and automation in cloud management, while platforms like CoreStack focus on multi-cloud governance.
IT administrators who use a single public cloud might want to stick with tools offered by the service provider because such tools are designed to enhance its particular management platform. For cloud monitoring, the Google Cloud operations suite (formerly Stackdriver) monitors Google Cloud as well as applications and VMs that run on AWS Elastic Compute Cloud. Microsoft Azure Monitor collects and analyzes data and resources from the Azure cloud, while AWS users have Amazon CloudWatch. Other options include Oracle Cloud Infrastructure’s Application Performance Monitoring service and Cisco CloudCenter, as well as tools such as Datadog for cloud analytics and monitoring, and New Relic to track web apps. There are also many open source cloud monitoring options for enterprises comfortable working with open source tools.
For private cloud management, enterprises typically use in-house tools. Applications that run in a private cloud don’t get the advantage of unlimited elasticity gained from public cloud services built on infrastructure of enormous scale. IT must be certain it has adequate, available resources to run the app and must carefully manage environments to ensure that no one app consumes too many computing resources.
In-house tools can include platform-specific management software, such as IBM Turbonomic and Flexera’s Snow Commander. There are also private cloud management tools with sophisticated software frameworks that manage complex hybrid cloud deployments, such as AppDynamics, Microsoft System Center Virtual Machine Manager, VMware vCloud Suite, HPE Private Cloud and Citrix Cloud. Private cloud frameworks frequently provide varied tools and services for management, such as OpenStack with its Horizon web dashboard and Heat orchestration tool.
Ultimately, cloud management is a complex and multifaceted endeavor, and businesses can use a combination of tools to support different business goals — especially if they employ a number of public clouds or a hybrid, public-private cloud environment.
David Essex is is is an industry editor who cover enterprise application , emerge technology and market trend , and create in – depth content for several TechTarget website .
Stephen J. Bigelow and Kathleen Casey also contributed to this article.
This was last updated in September 2024