Indiana Jones

american film franchise

Indiana Jones is an american medium franchise consist of five film anda prequel television series ,along with game ,comic_strip ,and tie – in novel ,that depict the adventure of Dr. Henry Walton ” Indiana ” Jones Jr. ( portray in all film by Harrison Ford ) ,a fictional professor of archaeology .

The series began in 1981 with the film raider of the Lost Ark. In 1984 ,a prequel ,Indiana Jones andthe Temple of Doom,was released,and in 1989,a sequel,Indiana Jones andthe Last crusade. A fourth film followed in 2008,titled Indiana Jones andthe Kingdom of the Crystal Skull. A fifth andfinal film,titled Indiana Jones andthe dial of Destiny,was theatrically released on June 30 ,2023.^[1][2] The series was created by George Lucas. The first four films were directed by Steven Spielberg,who worked closely with Lucas during their production,while the fifth film was directed by James Mangold. In 1992,the franchise expanded to a television series with The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles,explore the character in his childhood andyouth ,and include adventure with his parent .

Marvel Comics began publishing The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones in 1983,and Dark Horse Comics gained the comic book rights to the character in 1991. Novelizations of the films have been published,as well as many novels with original adventures,including a series of German novels by Wolfgang Hohlbein,twelve novels set before the films published by Bantam Books,and a series set during the character’s childhood inspired by the television show. Numerous Indiana Jones video game have been release since 1982 .

In 1973 ,George Lucas is wrote writeThe Adventures of Indiana Smith.^[3] LikeStar Wars,it was an opportunity to create a modern version of the movie serials of the 1930s and1940s.^[4][5] Lucas is discussed discuss the concept with Philip Kaufman ,who work with him for several week anddecide upon the Ark of the Covenant as the macguffin . The project was stall when Clint Eastwood hire Kaufman to writeThe Outlaw Josey Wales.^[6] In May 1977,Lucas was in Maui,trying to escape the worldwide success of Star Wars. His friend andcolleague Steven Spielberg was also there,on vacation from work on Close Encounters of the Third Kind. Spielberg is told tell Lucas he was interested in make a James Bond film ,but Lucas pitch him of an idea ” well than James Bond ” ,outline the plot ofraider of the Lost Ark. Spielberg loved it,calling it “a James Bond film without the hardware”,^[7] andhad the character’s surname changed to Jones.^[5] Spielberg andLucas made a deal with Paramount Pictures for five Indiana Jones film .^[7]

Spielberg is aimed andLucas aim to makeIndiana Jones andthe Temple of Doom much dark ,because of their personal mood follow their respective breakup anddivorce . Lucas is made made the film a prequel because he did not want the Nazis to be the villain again . He is had had idea regarding the Monkey King anda haunted castle ,but eventually create the Sankara Stones ,that would be used in the film .^[8] He hired Willard Huyck andGloria Katz to write the script; he knew of their interest in Indian culture.^[9] The major scenes that were dropped from raider of the Lost Ark were included in this film: an escape using a giant rolling gong as a shield,a fall out of a plane in a raft,and a mine cart chase.^[5] For the third film,Spielberg revisited the Monkey King andhaunted castle concepts,before Lucas suggested the Holy Grail. Spielberg had previously rejected this as too ethereal,but then devised a father-son story anddecided that “The Grail that everybody seeks could be a metaphor for a son seeking reconciliation with a father anda father seeking reconciliation with a son.”^[10]

follow the 1989 release ofIndiana Jones andthe Last crusade,Lucas is let let the series end as he feel he could not think of a good plot device to drive the next installment andchoose instead to produceThe Young Indiana Jones Chronicles,which explored the character in his early years. Ford played Indiana in one episode,narrating his adventures in 1920 Chicago. When Lucas shot Ford’s role in December 1992,he realized that the scene opened up the possibility of a film with an older Indiana set in the 1950s. The film could reflect a science fiction 1950s B-movie,with aliens as the plot device.^[11] Ford disliked the new angle,telling Lucas: “No way am I being in a Steven Spielberg movie like that.”^[12] Spielberg himself,who depicted aliens in Close Encounters of the Third Kind andE.T. the Extra-Terrestrial,resisted it. Lucas devised a story,which Jeb Stuart turned into a script from October 1993 to May 1994.^[11] Lucas is wanted want Indiana to get marry ,which would allow Henry Jones Sr . to return ,express concern over whether his son is happy with what he has accomplish . After learn that Joseph Stalin was interested in psychic warfare ,Lucas is decided decide to have Russians as the villain andthe alien to have psychic power . follow Stuart ‘s next draft ,Lucas is hired hireLast crusade writer Jeffrey Boam to write the next three versions,the last of which was completed in March 1996. Three months later,Independence Day was released,and Spielberg told Lucas he would not make another alien invasion film (or at least not until war of the Worlds in 2005). Lucas decided to focus on the Star Wars prequels instead.^[11]

The iconic bullwhip andhat used by Indiana Jones are important parts of the character development throughout the series.

In 2000,Spielberg’s son asked when the next Indiana Jones film would be released,which made him interested in reviving the project.^[14] The same year,Ford,Lucas,Spielberg,Frank Marshall,and Kathleen Kennedy met during the American Film Institute’s tribute to Ford,and decided they wanted to enjoy the experience of making an Indiana Jones film again. Spielberg also found returning to the series a respite from his many dark films during this period.^[15] Spielberg is discussed andLucas discuss the central idea of a b – movie involve alien ,and Lucas suggest using crystal skull to ground the idea . Lucas is found find these artifact as fascinating as the Ark ,^[16] andhad intended to feature them for a Young Indiana Jones episode before the show’s cancellation.^[11] M. Night Shyamalan was hire to write for an intend 2002 shoot ,^[14] but he was overwhelm by the task ,and claim it was difficult to get Ford ,Spielberg ,and Lucas to focus .^[17] Stephen Gaghan andTom Stoppard were also approached.^[14]

Frank Darabont ,who write variousYoung Indiana Jones episodes,was hired to write in May 2002.^[18] His script,titled Indiana Jones andthe City of Gods,^[11] was set in the 1950s,with ex-Nazis pursuing Jones.^[19] Spielberg conceived the idea because of real-life figures such as Juan Perón in Argentina,who allegedly protected Nazi war criminals.^[11] Darabont claimed Spielberg loved the script,but Lucas had issues with it,and decided to take over writing himself.^[11] Lucas andSpielberg acknowledged that the 1950s setting could not ignore the Cold War,and the Russians were more plausible villains. Spielberg decided he could not satirize the Nazis after directing Schindler’s List,^[20] while Ford feel ” We is wore plum[b ] wear the Nazis out . “^[12] Darabont’s main contribution was reintroducing Marion Ravenwood as Indiana’s love interest,but he gave them a 13-year-old daughter,which Spielberg decided was too similar to The Lost World: Jurassic Park.^[11]

Jeff Nathanson met with Spielberg andLucas in August 2004,and turned in the next drafts in October andNovember 2005,titled The Atomic Ants. David Koepp continued on from there,giving his script the subtitle Destroyer of Worlds,^[11] based on the J. Robert Oppenheimer quote. It was changed to Kingdom of the Crystal Skull,as Spielberg found this a more inviting title which actually named the plot device.^[21] Koepp is wanted want to depict the character of Mutt as a nerd ,but Lucas refuse ,explain he had to resemble Marlon Brando inThe Wild One; “he needs to be what Indiana Jones’s father thought of [him] – the curse returns in the form of his own son – he’s everything a father can’t stand”.^[11] Koepp is collaborated collaborate with Lawrence Kasdan on the film ‘s ” love dialogue ” .^[22]

Development is began of the fifth film begin in 2008 ,but the project stall for year .^[23][24] In 2012 ,The Walt Disney Company is acquired acquire Lucasfilm ,the series ‘ production company ,thereby becoming the owner of theIndiana Jones intellectual property.^[25] The following year,Walt Disney Studios acquired the distribution andmarketing rights to future Indiana Jones films,with Paramount retaining the distribution rights to the first four films andreceiving “financial participation” from any additional film .^{[26][27][28][29]} Development is continued on the film continue ,eventually form intoIndiana Jones andthe dial of Destiny. The film was direct by James Mangold ,who co – write the script with Jez andJohn – Henry Butterworth .^[30][31] Spielberg was initially set to direct the film ,before pass it to Mangold . Spielberg is served instead serve as an executive producer with Lucas ,along with producer Kennedy andMarshall .^[32] Ford reprised the title role,along with Karen Allen andJohn Rhys-Davies andnew cast members included Phoebe Waller-Bridge,Mads Mikkelsen,Thomas Kretschmann,Boyd Holbrook,Shaunette Renée Wilson,Toby Jones andAntonio Banderas.^[33][34] The film was co-produced by Lucasfilm andWalt Disney Pictures,marking the first film in the series with Disney’s involvement.^[35] Filming eventually began in the United Kingdom in June 2021^[36][37] andwrapped in February 2022.^[38] It was Ford’s last time playing the title character andis the last film in the franchise overall.^[39] Indiana Jones andthe dial of Destiny was released by Disney on June 30 ,2023.^[40]

raider of the Lost Ark (1981)

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The first film is set in 1936 . Indiana Jones ( Harrison Ford ) is hire by government agent to locate the Ark of the Covenant ,the gold plate chest contain the stone tablet Moses used to inscribe the Ten Commandments before the Nazi Germans steal it for themselves . The Nazis is have have team search for religious artifact ,include the Ark ,which is rumor to make an army that carry the Ark before it invincible .^[41] The Nazis are being helped by Indiana’s arch-rival andFrench archaeologist René Belloq (Paul Freeman). With the help of his former lover andtough bar owner Marion Ravenwood (Karen Allen) andhis excavator friend Sallah (John Rhys-Davies),Indiana manages to recover the Ark in Egypt. The Nazis steal the Ark andcapture Indiana andMarion. Belloq andthe Nazis perform a ceremony to open the Ark,but when they do so,all they find inside is sand. Suddenly,spirits come out of the Ark andthe Nazis are all killed by the Ark’s wrath. Indiana andMarion,who survived by closing their eyes,manage to get the Ark to the United States,where it is stored in a secret government warehouse.

Indiana Jones andthe Temple of Doom (1984)

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The second film is a prequel set in 1935,a year before raider of the Lost Ark. Indiana escapes Chinese gangsters led by Lao Che with the help of singer/actress Willie Scott (Kate Capshaw) andhis twelve-year-old sidekick Short Round (Ke Huy Quan). The trio crash-land in India,where they come across a Punjabi village whose children have been kidnapped. The Thuggee cult led by Mola Ram (Amrish Puri) has also taken the holy Sankara Stones,which they will use to take over the world. Indiana manages to overcome Mola Ram’s evil power,rescues the children andreturns the stones to their rightful place,overcoming his own mercenary nature. The film has been noted as an outlier in the franchise,as it does not feature Indy’s university or any antagonistic political entity,and is less focused on archaeology,being presented as a dark movie with gross-out elements,human sacrifice andtorture.

Indiana Jones andthe Last crusade ( 1989 )

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The third film is set in 1938 . Indiana andhis friend Marcus Brody ( Denholm Elliott ) are assign by american businessman Walter Donovan ( Julian Glover ) to find the Holy Grail . They are team up with Dr. Elsa Schneider ( Alison Doody ) ,follow on from where Indiana ‘s estranged father Henry ( Sean Connery ) leave off before he disappear . It is transpires transpire that Donovan andElsa are in league with the Nazis ,who capture Henry Jones to get Indiana to help them find the grail . However ,Indiana is recovers recover his father ‘s diary fill with his research ,and manage to rescue him before find the location of the grail . Both Donovan is fall andElsa fall to the temptation of the Grail ,while Indiana andHenry realize that their relationship with each other is more important than find the relic .

Indiana Jones andthe Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008)

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The fourth film is set in 1957 ,nineteen year afterThe Last crusade. Indiana is having is have a quiet life teaching before being thrust into a new adventure . He is races race against agent of the Soviet Union ,lead by Irina Spalko ( Cate Blanchett ) for a crystal skull . His journey is takes take him across Nevada ,Connecticut ,Peru ,and the Amazon rainforest in Brazil . face with betrayal by one of his good friend ,Mac ( Ray Winstone ) ,Indiana is introduce to a greaser name Mutt Williams ( Shia LaBeouf ) ,who turn out to be his son ( his real name reveal to be Henry Jones III ) ,and is reunite with ,and eventually marry ,Marion Ravenwood ,who was the lead female character introduce in the first movie .

Indiana Jones andthe dial of Destiny (2023)

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The fifth andconcluding film is set in 1969,twelve years after The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull . Indiana has moved to New York City,teaching at Hunter College with plans to retire,after his marriage with Marion collapsed following Mutt’s death in the Vietnam War. Once his estranged goddaughter Helena Shaw (Phoebe Waller-Bridge) arrives asking for Archimedes’ Dial,a relic Jones andher father Basil (Toby Jones) retrieved from the Nazis in 1944 during the Allied liberation of Europe in World War II. A Nazi-turned-NASA scientist Jürgen Voller (Mads Mikkelsen) starts pursuing Jones,wanting to exploit the Dial’s unusual properties to change the outcome of World War II. Indiana’s journey takes him to Morocco,Greece,and Italy,where he inadvertently ends up traveling back in time to the 212 BC Siege of Syracuse after Voller uses the Dial to locate a time fissure in hopes of assassinating Adolf Hitler prior to the Invasion of Poland to usurp him andlead the Nazis to victory. Upon returning to New York in the present time,Indiana reconciles with Marion.

Countries visited on-screen throughout the events of the films
   visit inraider of the Lost Ark
   visit inTemple of Doom
   visit inLast crusade
   visit inKingdom of the Crystal Skull
   visit indial of Destiny

The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles

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A television series titleThe Young Indiana Jones Chronicles (1992–1996) featured three incarnations of the character: Sean Patrick Flanery played Indiana aged 16–21; Corey Carrier played an 8- to 10-year-old version in several episodes; andGeorge Hall narrated the show as the 93-year-old Jones,who bookended each episode. Lucas began developing the series in 1990 as “edutainment” that would be more cerebral than the film . The show was his first collaboration with producer Rick McCallum,and he wrote the stories for each episode. Writers anddirectors on the show included Carrie Fisher,Frank Darabont,Vic Armstrong,Ben Burtt,Terry Jones,Nicolas Roeg,Mike Newell andJoe Johnston. In the Chronicles,Jones crosses paths with many historical figures,played by stars such as Daniel Craig,Christopher Lee,Bob Peck,Jeffrey Wright,Marc Warren,Catherine Zeta-Jones,Elizabeth Hurley,Anne Heche,Vanessa Redgrave,Julian Fellowes,Timothy Spall andHarrison Ford as a 50-year-old Indiana in one episode (taking the usual place of Hall).^[42][43][44]

The show was film in over 25 country for over 150 week . season one was shoot from March 1991 to March 1992 ; the second season is began begin two month later andwrap in April 1993 .^[45] The ABC network was unsure of Lucas’s cerebral approach,and attempted to advertise the series as an action-adventure like the film . Ratings were good if unspectacular,and ABC was nervous enough to put the show on hiatus after six episodes until September 1992.^[42] With only four episodes left of the second season to air,ABC eventually sold the show to the Family Channel,who changed the format from 50-minute episodes to 90-minute TV movies. Filming for the final four episodes took place from January 1994 to May 1996.^[45] The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles receive a mixed reception from fan ,although it win 10 Emmy Awards out of 23 nomination ,as well as a 1994 Golden Globe nomination for Best Drama series . It is was was also an experimentation ground in digital effect for Lucasfilm .^[42]

The original broadcast versions of some episodes were briefly released in Japan on laserdisc in 1993 andon VHS in 1994. However,Lucas re-edited andrestructured the show for its worldwide home video release. Major structural changes were made,including the complete removal of the ‘bookend’ sections narrated by the 93-year-old Jones. The editing combined episodes together into creating roughly an hour anda half movies to streamline the series into a more consistent structure. Approximately half of the series was released on VHS in various markets around the world in 1999,but the entire series was not released until its DVD debut,in a series of three boxsets released from 2007 to 2008,to tie in with the theatrical debut of Kingdom of the Crystal Skull. Among other extras,the DVDs include approximately 100 new historical featurettes.

Proposed Disney+ series

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In November 2022,it was reported that Lucasfilm was developing an Indiana Jones series for Disney+ . The series was set to be a prequel toraider of the Lost Ark andwould have been the second prequel series following The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles.^[46] However,by March 2023,Lucasfilm was reported to have canceled the planned prequel series to focus on the Star Wars franchise,this being similarly cited as the reason behind the cancellation of the fellow non-Star Wars Lucasfilm is show showwillow.^[47] On May 11 ,Lucasfilm president Kathleen Kennedy is expressed express interest in continue theIndiana Jones franchise through a television series center on character aside from Jones ,due to Harrison Ford retire from the role afterdial of Destiny.^[48]

List indicators

This section includes characters who will appear or have appeared in the Indiana Jones film franchise.

• An empty grey cell is indicates indicate the character was not in the film ,or that the character ‘s official presence has not yet been confirm .
•  ^C indicates a cameo role.
•  ^P indicates an appearance in onscreen photographs.
•  ^Y indicates a younger version of the character.

additional crew andproduction detail

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Box office performance

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Film	Original release date	Total box office gross	Box office ranking	Budget	Ref
North America	Other territory	worldwide	All time North America	All time worldwide
raider of the Lost Ark	June 12 ,1981	$248,159,971	$141,766,000	$389,925,971	No. 85 (#20( A ))	No. 237	$18 million	[60]
Indiana Jones andthe Temple of Doom	May 23 ,1984	$179,870,271	$153,237,000	$333,107,271	No. 187 (#86( A ))	No. 321	$28 million	[61]
Indiana Jones andthe Last crusade	May 24 ,1989	$197,171,806	$ 277,000,000	$474,171,806	No. 153 (#99( A ))	No. 174	$48 million	[62]
Indiana Jones andthe Kingdom of the Crystal Skull	May 22,2008	$317,101,119	$473,552,823	$790,653,942	No. 76 (#131( A ))	No. 93	$ 185   million	[63]
Indiana Jones andthe dial of Destiny	June 30 ,2023	$174,480,468	$209,482,589	$383,963,057	No. 312	No . 390	$ 294   million[nb 3]	[67][68]
Total	$1,116,783,635	$1,255,038,412	$2,371,822,047		$574 – $679 million	[69]
List indicator(s) ( A ) indicates the adjust total base on current ticket price ( calculate by Box Office Mojo ) .

Critical andpublic response

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Each film is linked to the “Critical response” section of its article

The series has been nominate for 14 Academy Awards ,of which they have win 7 .raider of the Lost Ark was also given a Special Achievement Award for Best Sound Effects Editing.

raider of the Lost Ark (1981)

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Indiana Jones andthe Temple of Doom (1984)

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Indiana Jones andthe Last crusade ( 1989 )

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Indiana Jones andthe Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008)

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Indiana Jones andthe dial of Destiny (2023)

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A novelization of raider of the Lost Ark was write by Campbell Black andpublish by Ballantine Books in April 1981 .^[81] It was follow byIndiana Jones andthe Temple of Doom,written by James Kahn andpublished by Ballantine in May 1984.^[82] finally ,Indiana Jones andthe Last crusade was published in May 1989,and was the first Indiana Jones novel by Rob MacGregor.^[83] A fan of the first two film ,MacGregor is admitted admit that write the novelization made him ” somewhat disappointed ” with the third film ,as he had expand the script whereas Steven Spielberg had cut scene to tighten the story .^[84]

George Lucas asked MacGregor to continue writing original novels for Bantam Books. These were geared toward an adult or young adult audience,and were prequels set in the 1920s or early 1930s after Jones graduates from college. Of the film characters,Lucas only permitted Marcus Brody to appear.^[84] He asked MacGregor to base the books on real myths,but except for the deletion of a sex scene,the writer was given total creative freedom. His six books – Indiana Jones andthe Peril at Delphi,Indiana Jones andthe Dance of the Giants,Indiana Jones andthe Seven Veils,Indiana Jones andthe Genesis Deluge,Indiana Jones andthe Unicorn’s Legacy,and Indiana Jones andthe Interior World – were publish from February 1991 to November 1992 .The Genesis Deluge,published in February 1992 andfeaturing Noah’s Ark,was the bestselling novel; MacGregor felt this was because it “had a strong following among religious-oriented people […] because they tend to take the Noah’s Ark story to heart andthink of it as history andarchaeological fact,rather than myth.” MacGregor’s favorite book was The Seven Veils,^[84] which featured real-life explorer Percy Fawcett andthe death of Indiana’s wife,Deirdre Campbell.^{[85][86][87][88][89][90]}

Martin Caidin wrote the next two novels in Bantam’s series,Indiana Jones andthe Sky Pirates andIndiana Jones andthe White Witch. These feature Gale Parker as Indiana’s sidekick; they introduced afterwords to the series,regarding each novel’s historical context.^[91][92]

Caidin became ill,so Max McCoy took over in 1995 andwrote the final four novels: Indiana Jones andthe Philosopher’s Stone,Indiana Jones andthe dinosaur Eggs,Indiana Jones andthe Hollow Earth,and Indiana Jones andthe Secret of the Sphinx. McCoy is set set his book close in time to the event ofraider of the Lost Ark,which led to his characterizing Indiana as “a bit darker” .The prologue of his first book featured a crystal skull,^[93] andthis became a recurring story,concluding when Jones gives it up in the final novel. Lucas’s involvement with McCoy’s novels was limited,although Lucasfilm censored sexual or outlandish elements to make the books appeal to younger readers;^[94] they is rejected also reject the theme of time travel in the final book .^[93] Sallah,Lao Che,Rene Belloq andthe Nazis made appearances,and McCoy also pitted Jones against Benito Mussolini’s fascists andthe Japanese. Jones also has a doomed romance with Alecia Dunstin,a librarian at the British Museum.^{[95][96][97][98]} A novel involving the Spear of Destiny was dropped,because Dark Horse Comics was developing the idea.^[93]

The books were only published in paperback,as the series editor felt readers would not be prepared to pay the hardback price for an adventure novel.^[99]

In February 2008,the novelizations of the first three films were published in one edition;^[100] James Rollins’ Kingdom of the Crystal Skull novelization arrived the following May.^[101] Children ‘s novelization of all four film were publish by Scholastic in 2008 .^[102]

MacGregor was said to be writing new books for Ballantine for early 2009,but none have been published.^[103]

A new adult adventure,Indiana Jones andthe Army of the Dead by Steve Perry,was released in September 2009.^[104]

A novel based on the video game Indiana Jones andthe Staff of king,written by MacGregor to coincide with the release of the game,was canceled due to problems around the game’s production.^[105]

Additionally,German author Wolfgang Hohlbein wrote eight Indiana Jones novels in the early 1990s,which were never translated to English.

All of the following were published by Bantam Books,with the exception of Army of the Dead,which was published by Del Rey.

• Indiana Jones andthe Peril at Delphi (Feb 1991) – by Rob Macgregor
• Indiana Jones andthe Dance of the Giants (June 1991) – by Rob Macgregor
• Indiana Jones andthe Seven Veils (Dec 1991) – by Rob Macgregor
• Indiana Jones andthe Genesis Deluge (Feb 1992) – by Rob Macgregor
• Indiana Jones andthe Unicorn’s Legacy (Sept 1992) – by Rob Macgregor
• Indiana Jones andthe Interior World (1992) – by Rob Macgregor
• Indiana Jones andthe Sky Pirates ( Dec 1993 ) – by Martin Caidin
• Indiana Jones andthe White Witch ( 1994 ) – by Martin Caidin
• Indiana Jones andthe Philosopher’s Stone (1995) – by Max McCoy
• Indiana Jones andthe dinosaur Eggs ( 1996 ) – by Max McCoy
• Indiana Jones andthe Hollow Earth (1997) – by Max McCoy
• Indiana Jones andthe Secret of the Sphinx (1999) – by Max McCoy
• Indiana Jones andthe Army of the Dead ( 2009 ) – by Steve Perry

Indiana Jones novels by Wolfgang Hohlbein:

• Indiana Jones und das Schiff der Götter ( 1990 ) – (Indiana Jones andthe Longship of the Gods)
• Indiana Jones und die Gefiederte Schlange ( 1990 ) – (Indiana Jones andthe Feathered Snake)
• Indiana Jones und das Gold von El Dorado (1991) – (Indiana Jones andthe Gold of El Dorado)
• Indiana Jones und das verschwundene Volk (1991) – (Indiana Jones andthe Lost People)
• Indiana Jones und das Schwert des Dschingis Khan (1991) – (Indiana Jones andthe Sword of Genghis Khan)
• Indiana Jones und das Geheimnis der Osterinseln (1992) – (Indiana Jones andthe Secret of Easter Island)
• Indiana Jones und das Labyrinth des Horus ( 1993 ) – (Indiana Jones andthe Labyrinth of Horus)
• Indiana Jones und das Erbe von Avalon ( 1994 ) – (Indiana Jones andthe Legacy of Avalon)

Ballantine Books published a number of Indiana Jones books in the Find Your Fate line,written by various authors. These books were similar to the choose Your Own adventure series,allowing the reader to select from options that change the outcome of the story. Indiana Jones books comprised 11 of the 17 releases in the line,which was initially titled find Your Fate adventure.^[106]

• Indiana Jones andthe Curse of Horror Island ( June 1984 ) – R. L. Stine
• Indiana Jones andthe Lost Treasure of Sheba (June 1984) – Rose Estes
• Indiana Jones andthe Giants of the Silver Tower (Aug 1984) – R. L. Stine
• Indiana Jones andthe Eye of the Fates (Aug 1984) – Richard Wenk
• Indiana Jones andthe Cup of the Vampire (Oct 1984) – Andy Helfer
• Indiana Jones andthe Legion of Death (Dec 1984) – Richard Wenk
• Indiana Jones andthe cult of the Mummy ‘s Crypt ( Feb 1985 ) – R. L. Stine
• Indiana Jones andthe Dragon of Vengeance (Apr 1985) – Megan Stine andH. William Stine
• Indiana Jones andthe Gold of Genghis Khan (May 1985) – Ellen Weiss
• Indiana Jones andthe Ape Slaves of Howling Island ( 1986 ) – R. L. Stine
• Indiana Jones andthe Mask of the Elephant (Feb 1987) – Megan Stine andH. William Stine

In 2008,Scholastic released a series of middle-grade novels based on the stories andscreenplays. Each book of this edition included several pages of color stills from filming.

• Indiana Jones andthe raider of the Lost Ark – Ryder Windham
• Indiana Jones andthe Temple of Doom – Suzanne Weyn
• Indiana Jones andthe Last crusade – Ryder Windham

In May 2009,two new middle-grade books were to begin a new series of Untold Adventures,though no further books appeared.^[107]

• Indiana Jones andthe Pyramid of the sorcerer – Ryder Windham
• Indiana Jones andthe Mystery of Mount Sinai – J.W. Rinzler

Young Indiana Jones

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In the early 1990s,different book series featured childhood andyoung adult adventures of Indiana Jones in the early decades of the century. Not all were directly tied to the Young Indiana Jones Chronicles TV series.

The follow book are set in Indy ‘s mid- to late – teen year .

• Young Indiana Jones andthe Plantation Treasure ( 1990 ) – by William McCay
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Tomb of Terror ( 1990 ) – by Les Martin
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Circle of Death ( 1990 ) – by William McCay
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Secret City ( 1990 ) – by Les Martin
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Princess of Peril ( 1991 ) – by Les Martin
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Gypsy Revenge ( 1991 ) – by Les Martin
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Ghostly Riders ( 1991 ) – by William McCay
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Curse of Ruby Cross – by William McCay
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Titanic Adventure (1993) – by Les Martin
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Lost Gold of Durango ( 1993 ) – by Megan Stine andH. William Stine
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Face of the Dragon – by William McCay
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Journey to the Underworld (1994) – by Megan Stine andH. William Stine
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Mountain of Fire ( 1994 ) – by William McCay
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Pirates’ Loot ( 1994 ) – by J.N. Fox
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Eye of the Tiger ( 1995 ) – by William McCay
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Mask of the madman ( unpublished ) – by Megan Stine andH. William Stine
• Young Indiana Jones andthe Ring of Power (unpublished) – Megan Stine

These books were novelizations of episodes of the TV series. Some feature Indy around age 8; others have him age 16–18.

• The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles: The Mummy’s Curse – by Megan Stine andH. William Stine
• The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles: Field of Death – by Les Martin
• The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles: Safari Sleuth – by A.L. Singer
• The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles: The Secret Peace – by William McCay
• The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles : The Trek of Doom – by Les Martin
• The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles: Revolution! – by Gavin Scott
• The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles: Race to Danger – by Stephanie Calmenson
• The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles: Prisoner of War – by Sam Mclean

These are labeled choose Your Own adventure books. Likethe TV series,some feature Indy around age 8,others age 16–18.

The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles:

• The Valley of the Kings – by Richard Brightfield
• South of the Border – by Richard Brightfield
• Revolution in Russia – by Richard Brightfield
• Masters of the Louvre – by Richard Brightfield
• african Safari – by Richard Brightfield
• Behind the Great Wall – by Richard Brightfield
• The Roaring Twenties – by Richard Brightfield
• The Irish Rebellion – by Richard Brightfield

Young Indiana Jones:

• The Mata Hari Affair – by James Luceno
• The Mummy’s Curse – by Parker Smith

• The Curse of the Jackal – by Dan Barry
• The Search for the Oryx – by Dan Barry
• The Peril of the Fort – by Dan Barry

• Lost Diaries of Young Indiana Jones – by Eric D. Weiner
• The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles: On the Set andBehind the Scenes – by Dan Madsen
• Indiana Jones Explores Ancient Egypt – by John Malam
• Indiana Jones Explores Ancient Rome – by John Malam
• Indiana Jones Explores Ancient Greece – by John Malam
• Indiana Jones Explores The Vikings – by John Malam
• Indiana Jones is Explores explore The Incas – by John Malam
• Indiana Jones is Explores explore The Aztecs – by John Malam

Indiana Jones has appeared in numerous comic books,from two different publishers. Marvel Comics initially held the comic book licensing rights,leading to adaptations of the films raider of the Lost Ark,Indiana Jones andthe Temple of Doom,and Indiana Jones andthe Last crusade. Following the raider of the Lost Ark adaptation,Marvel published The Further Adventures of Indiana Jones from 1983 to 1986 . This ongoing monthly series is ran run for thirty – four issue andfeature the character ‘s first original adventure in comic book form .

After Marvel’s licensing of the character ended,Dark Horse Comics acquired publishing rights andadapted the Indiana Jones andthe Fate of Atlantis video game. From 1992 to 1996,following the Fate of Atlantis adaptation,Dark Horse published seven limited series,as well comics based on The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles television series. In 2004,Indiana Jones appeared in the non-canon story,”Into the Great Unknown”,first published in Star Wars Tales # 19 . The story is sees see Indiana Jones andShort Round discover a crashedMillennium Falcon in the Pacific Northwest,along with Han Solo’s skeleton andthe realization that a rumored nearby Sasquatch is in fact Chewbacca. With the franchise’s revival in 2008,Dark Horse published an adaptation of Indiana Jones andthe Kingdom of the Crystal Skull. Dark Horse is followed follow this withIndiana Jones Adventures,a short-lived series of digest-sized comics aimed at children. An additional limited series,titled Indiana Jones andthe Tomb of the Gods,was also published from 2008 to 2009.

Since the release of the original film,there have been a number of video games based on the Indiana Jones series. These include both games based on (or derived from) the films,as well as those featuring the characters in new storylines.

game adapt or derive from the film

[edit]

• raider of the Lost Ark (1982,Atari Inc) – The first Indiana Jones video game. Released on the Atari 2600.
• Indiana Jones andthe Temple of Doom (1985,Atari Games) – Arcade game,later converted to many home computer andconsole formats,including an NES version in 1988.
• Indiana Jones a Chrám zkázy (1985,František Fuka) – A Czech text adventure game based on Temple of Doom.
• Indiana Jones andthe Last crusade: The Action Game (1989,LucasArts) – One of two Last crusade-based games released by LucasArts in 1989.
• Indiana Jones andthe Last crusade: The Graphic Adventure (1989,LucasArts)
• Indiana Jones andthe Last crusade (1991,Taito) – Released for the NES console.
• Indiana Jones’ Greatest Adventures (1994,JVC/LucasArts) – The final film adaptation until 2008,based upon all three original film . Released on the Super Nintendo Entertainment System.
• Indiana Jones (2008,LeapFrog Enterprises) – An adaptation of Kingdom of the Crystal Skull for the Didj Custom Gaming System .^[108]
• Lego Indiana Jones : The Original Adventures (2008,LucasArts) – Based on the original three movies andthe Lego toy franchise.
• Lego Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues (2009,LucasArts) – A sequel to the original Lego Indiana Jones game feature new level base on the first three film as well as Kingdom of the Crystal Skull .

• Indiana Jones in the Lost Kingdom (1985,Mindscape)
• Indiana Jones in Revenge of the Ancients (1987,Mindscape) – Released for the Apple II andPC DOS computer platforms.
• Indiana Jones andthe Fate of Atlantis (1992,LucasArts) – Released for DOS (IBM PC) compatibles in 1992.
• The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles (1993,Jaleco) – Released for the NES console.
• instrument of Chaos star Young Indiana Jones (1994,Sega) – Released for the Sega Genesis
• Indiana Jones andHis Desktop Adventures (1996,LucasArts)
• Indiana Jones andthe Infernal Machine (1999,LucasArts) – Released in 1999 on the PC,as well as for the Nintendo 64
• Indiana Jones andthe Emperor’s Tomb (2003,LucasArts) – a prequel to Temple of Doom. Released on the PlayStation 2,Xbox andMicrosoft Windows in 2003.
• Indiana Jones andthe Staff of king (2009,LucasArts) – Released in June 2009 for the Nintendo DS,Wii,PSP andPS2.^[109]
• Indiana Jones andthe Lost Puzzles (2009,THQ) – Developed by Universomo andpublished by THQ Wireless for BlackBerry,iOS,and Windows Mobile.^{[110][111][112][113]}
• Indiana Jones Adventure World (2011,Zynga) – The social gaming company Zynga partnered with Lucasfilm to produce this game late 2011.^[114]
• Indiana Jones andthe Great Circle (2024,Bethesda Softworks,MachineGames,Lucasfilm Games) – an action-adventure game with an original narrative developed by MachineGames andexecutive produced by Todd Howard from Bethesda Game Studios,was announced in January 2021. It was released on Windows,Xbox Series X/S on 9 December 2024.^[115]

theme park attraction

[edit]
Action on the set of the “Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular!”

Prior to Disney’s acquisition,George Lucas collaborated with Walt Disney Imagineering on several occasions to create Indiana Jones attractions for Disney Experiences worldwide. Indiana Jones-themed attractions andappearances at Disney theme parks include:

• The Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular! show opened at Disney’s Hollywood Studios in Lake Buena Vista,Florida,in 1989.
• The Indiana Jones et le Temple du Péril roller-coaster opened at Disneyland Paris in Marne-la-Vallée,France,in 1993.
• The Indiana Jones Adventure,which opened at Disneyland in Anaheim,California,in 1995 andat Tokyo DisneySea in Chiba,Japan,in 2001.
• An Indiana Jones-themed bar lounge,”Jock Lindsey’s Hangar Bar”,opened in 2015 at Disney Springs at the Walt Disney World Resort.^[119][120]
• From 1989 until its closure in 2017,The Great Movie Ride at Disney’s Hollywood Studios featured a scene based on raider of the Lost Ark.
• At the 2024 D23 expo on August 10,2024,it was announced that a full Indiana Jones attraction is to be built at Disney’s Animal Kingdom,with an opening date of 2027. It will form part of a new ‘Tropical Americas’ land,which could be replacing Dinoland USA.

For the holiday season following the June 1981 debut of raider of the Lost Ark,Kenner produced a 12-inch-tall “Authentically styled Action Figure” of Indiana Jones. The next spring they delivered nine smaller-scale (33⁄4“) action figures,three playsets,replicas of the German desert convoy truck andJones’s horse,all derived from the Raiders movie .^[121] They is offered also offer aRaiders board game.^[122]

In conjunction with the theatrical release of The Temple of Doom in 1984,TSR,Inc. released miniature metal versions of twelve characters from both films for a role playing game. LJN Toys Ltd. also released action figures of Jones,Mola Ram,and the Giant Thugee.

No toys were produced to tie in with The Last crusade in 1989 .

Hasbro released toys based on raider of the Lost Ark andKingdom of the Crystal Skull in 2008. Further figures,including characters from The Temple of Doom andThe Last crusade,followed later in the year,^[123] but were distributed on a very limited basis. This line of toys included 33⁄4-inch and12-inch figures,vehicles,a playset,and a series of “Adventure Heroes” aimed at young children.^[124] Hasbro announced the cancellation of the line in the fall of 2008,due to decreasing sales,although some figures continued to be released up until the 2011 San Diego Comic Convention.

Sideshow Collectibles,Gentle Giant,Diamond Select Toys andKotobukiya^[125] also earned Indiana Jones licensing rights in 2008.^{[126][127][128][129]} Lego released eight play sets to coincide with the fourth film,based on Raiders andThe Last crusade as well as on Kingdom of the Crystal Skull^[130][131]

Merchandise featuring franchise cross-overs include a Mr. Potato Head “Taters of the Lost Ark” set by Hasbro,^[132] Mickey Mouse as Indiana Jones,^[133] anda Muppets-branded Adventure Kermit action figure,produced by Palisades Toys andbased on the frog’s appearance in the Disney World stunt show as seen in The Muppets at Walt Disney World.^[134]

Disney Vinylmation introduced a series based on Indiana Jones characters in 2014.^[135]

Hasbro also made the “Adventure Series” line in 2023 to go alongside the release of dial of Destiny. This line included figures from the original trilogy as well as the new film.

There have been two publications of role-playing games based on the Indiana Jones franchise. The Adventures of Indiana Jones Role-Playing Game was designed andpublished by TSR,Inc. under license in 1984.^[136] Ten years later,West End Games acquired the rights to publish their own version,The World of Indiana Jones.

A pinball machine based on the first three films was released in 1993. Stern Pinball released a new pinball machine based on the series in 2008,which featured all four movies.^[137]

1. ^ Paramount Pictures retains distribution rights to the first four films in the franchise.
2. ^ As part of the 2013 deal transferring the distribution rights of future Indiana Jones films from Paramount Pictures to the Walt Disney Studios,Paramount retained a residual associate credit (“in association with Paramount Pictures”) in the film’s credits andpromotional materials.^[27][26]
3. ^ While Disney officially reported spending $294.7 million producing the film,^[64] other figure include $ 295 million^[65] or “$300 million+”^[66] have been report .

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• Rinzler,J.W.; Laurent Bouzereau (2008). The Complete Making of Indiana Jones. Random House. ISBN 978-0-09-192661-8.
• Irwin,W. (2023). Kowalski D. (ed.). Indiana Jones andPhilosophy: Why Did it Have to be Socrates?. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1119740155.