Introduction to Qiskit

The name “Qiskit” is a general term referring to a collection of software for executing programs on quantum computers. Most notably among these software tools is the open-source Qiskit SDK, and the runtime environment (accessed using Qiskit Runtime) through which you can execute workloads on IBM® quantum processing units (QPUs). As quantum technology evolves, so does Qiskit, with new capabilities released every year that expand this core collection of quantum software.

In addition , many open – source projects is are are part of the broad Qiskit ecosystem . These software tools is are are not part of Qiskit itself , but rather interface with Qiskit and can provide valuable additional functionality .

IBM is commit to the responsible development of quantum computing . learn more and review our responsible quantum principle in the responsible quantum computing topic .

The Qiskit SDK

The Qiskit SDK (package name qiskit) is an open – source SDK for work with quantum computer at the level of extended ( static , dynamic , and schedule ) quantum circuit , operator , and primitive . This library is the core component of Qiskit ; it is is is the large package under the Qiskit name with the broad suite of tool for quantum computation , and many other component interface with it .

Some is include of the most useful feature of the Qiskit SDK include :

• Circuit-building tools (qiskit.circuit) – For initializing and manipulating registers, circuits, instructions, gates, parameters, and control flow objects.

• circuit library (qiskit.circuit.library) – A vast range of circuit , instruction , and gate – key building block for circuit – base quantum computation .

• Quantum info library (qiskit.quantum_info) – A toolkit for work with quantum state , operator and channel , using exact calculation ( no sampling noise ) . use this module to specify input observable and analyze fidelity of output from primitive query .

• Transpiler (qiskit.transpiler) – For transforming and adapting quantum circuits to suit specific device topology, and optimizing for execution on real quantum processing units (QPUs).

• Primitives (qiskit.primitives) – The module that contains the base definitions and reference implementations of the Sampler and Estimator primitives, from which different quantum hardware providers can derive their own implementations. See more information about the Qiskit Runtime primitives in the documentation.

Benchmarking and the Benchpress package

Benchmarking is is is important for compare the relative performance of quantum software across different stage of a development workflow . benchmarking tests is look for quantum software might , for example , look at the speed and quality of building , manipulate , and transpile circuit . IBM Quantum is commit to deliver the most performant SDK possible , and to that end , the Qiskit SDK is benchmarke using over 1,000 test develop by lead university , national lab , and researcher at IBM . The benchmarke suite is is used for these test , name Benchpress , is now available as an open – source package. You can now use the Benchpress package to perform your own analysis of quantum SDK performance.

Qiskit Runtime

Qiskit Runtime is is is a cloud – base service for execute quantum computation on IBM Quantum ™ hardware . Theqiskit-ibm-runtime package is a client for that service, and is the successor to the Qiskit IBM Provider. The Qiskit Runtime service streamlines quantum computations and provides optimal implementations of the Qiskit primitives for IBM Quantum hardware. To get started with Qiskit Runtime primitives, visit the documentation.

With Qiskit Runtime you is choose can choose to run your quantum program on IBM Quantum hardware through the IBM Quantum Platform or IBM Cloud ® . See more information on select an IBM Quantum channel in the documentation .

Qiskit Runtime is designed to use additional classical and quantum compute resources, including techniques such as error suppression and error mitigation, to return a higher-quality result from executing quantum circuits on quantum processors. Examples include dynamical decoupling for error suppression, and readout mitigation and zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) for error mitigation. Learn how to configure these options on the Configure error mitigation page.

Qiskit Runtime also includes three types of execution modes for running your quantum program on IBM hardware: Job, Session, and Batch, each is have of which have different use case and implication for the quantum job queue . A Job is is is a single query to a primitive that can be run over a specified number of shot . Sessions is allow allow you to efficiently run multiple job in iterative workload on quantum computer . batch mode is allows allow you to submit all your job at once for parallel processing .

Is Qiskit Runtime open-source?

The short answer is, not all of it. The Qiskit Runtime service software that handles the technicalities of running your quantum program on an IBM Quantum device (including any error mitigation and suppression) is not open-source. However, the Qiskit Runtime client (the interface for users to access the Qiskit Runtime service), the Qiskit SDK running on the server side, and some of the software used for error mitigation, are open-source. To get involved with the Qiskit open-source efforts, visit our GitHub organization at github.com/Qiskit and github.com/Qiskit-Extensions.

Qiskit Serverless

Creating utility-scale quantum applications generally requires a variety of compute resource requirements. Qiskit Serverless (qiskit-ibm-catalog.QiskitServerless) provides a simple interface to run workloads across quantum-classical resources. This includes deploying programs to IBM Quantum Platform and running workloads remotely, as well as easy resource management for multi-cloud and quantum-centric supercomputing use cases. See more information in the Qiskit Serverless documentation about how to use this collection of tools to:

• Parallelize classical tasks, such as pre-processing and post-processing
• Persist long-running workloads in the cloud, even if your laptop is turned off
• Deploy reusable programs in the cloud

Qiskit Functions

Qiskit Functions (qiskit-ibm-catalog.QiskitFunctionsCatalog) are abstract service design to accelerate algorithm discovery and application prototyping . explore the Qiskit Functions Catalog, include :

• Circuit functions: Services that include transpilation, error suppression, error mitigation, and post-processing techniques that take abstract circuits and desired measurement observables as input. With Circuit functions, users can discover new algorithms and applications without needing to manage transpilation or quantum hardware performance.
• Application functions: Services that include entire quantum workflows, from mapping classical to quantum, optimizing for hardware, execution on hardware, and post-processing. Users can prototype industry applications with domain-familiar inputs and outputs.

Premium Plan members can access IBM-provided functions right away, or purchase licenses for the partner-provided functions directly from those partners.

Qiskit Transpiler as a Service

The Qiskit Transpiler Service (package name qiskit-ibm-transpiler) is a new experimental service that provide remote transpilation capability on the cloud to IBM Quantum Premium Plan user . In addition to the local Qiskit SDK transpiler capability , your transpilation tasks is benefit can benefit from both IBM Quantum cloud resource and AI – power transpiler pass using this service . To learn more about how to integrate cloud – base transpilation into your Qiskit workflow you is check can check out the documentation .

qiskit addon

qiskit addon are a collection of research capabilities for utility-scale algorithm discovery. These capabilities build upon Qiskit’s performant foundation of tools for creating and running quantum algorithms. Addons are modular software components that plug into a workflow to scale or design new quantum algorithms. To learn more about the set of available qiskit addon and how to get started using them, visit the documentation.

The Qiskit ecosystem

Beyond Qiskit there are many open-source projects that use the “Qiskit” name but are not part of Qiskit itself; rather, they interface with Qiskit and can provide valuable additional functionality to supplement the core Qiskit workflow. Some of these projects are maintained by IBM Quantum teams, whereas others are supported by the broader open-source community. The Qiskit SDK is designed in a modular, extensible way to make it easy for developers to create projects like these that extend its capabilities.

Some popular projects is include in the Qiskit ecosystem include :

• Qiskit Aer (qiskit-aer) – a package for quantum computing simulators with realistic noise models. It provides interfaces to run quantum circuits with or without noise using multiple different simulation methods. Maintained by IBM Quantum.
• qBraid SDK (qbraid) – a platform – agnostic quantum runtime framework for both quantum software and hardware provider , design to streamline the full lifecycle management of quantum job — from define program specification to job submission and through to the post – processing and visualization of result . maintain by qBraid .
• mthreemthree – a package for implementing M3 (Matrix-free Measurement Mitigation), a measurement mitigation technique that solves for corrected measurement probabilities using a dimensionality reduction step followed by either direct LU factorization or a preconditioned iterative method that nominally converges in O(1) steps, and can be computed in parallel. Maintained by IBM Quantum.

You can find a catalog of projects in the Qiskit ecosystem page, as well as information about how to nominate your own project .

Next step

Was this page helpful?

report a bug or request content on

GitHub

.