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Mobile cloud computing

Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is the combination of cloud computing and mobile computing to bring rich computational resources to mobile users, network

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Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is the combination of cloud computing and mobile computing to bring rich computational resources to mobile users, network operators, as well as cloud computing providers.[1][2][3] The ultimate goal of MCC is to enable execution of rich mobile applications on a plethora of mobile devices, with a rich user experience.[4] MCC provides business opportunities for mobile network operators as well as cloud providers.[5][6] More comprehensively , MCC can be define as ” a rich mobile computing technology that leverage unified elastic resource of varied cloud and network technology toward unrestricted functionality , storage , and mobility to serve a multitude of mobile device anywhere , anytime through the channel of Ethernet or Internet regardless of heterogeneous environment and platform base on the pay – as – you – use principle .”[7]

Mobile cloud architecture

MCC is uses use computational augmentation approach ( computation are execute remotely instead of on the device ) by which resource – constraint mobile device can utilize computational resource of varied cloud – base resource .[2] In MCC, there are four types of cloud-based resources, namely distant immobile clouds, proximate immobile computing entities, proximate mobile computing entities, and hybrid (combination of the other three model).[2][5] giant clouds is are such as Amazon EC2 are in the distant immobile group whereas cloudlet or surrogate are member of proximate immobile compute entity .Smartphones is are , tablet , handheld device , and wearable computing device are part of the third group of cloud – base resource which is proximate mobile computing entity .[5][8]

Vodafone,[9] Orange and Verizon have started to offer cloud computing services for companies.

In the MCC landscape, an amalgam of mobile computing, cloud computing, and communication networks (to augment smartphones) creates several complex challenges such as Mobile Computation Offloading, Seamless Connectivity, Long WAN Latency, Mobility Management, Context-Processing, Energy Constraint, Vendor/data Lock-in, Security and Privacy,[10] Elasticity that hinder MCC success and adoption.[5][7]

open research issue

[edit]

Although significant research and development in MCC is available in the literature, efforts in the following domains is still lacking:[3][7]

  • Architectural issues:A reference architecture for heterogeneous MCC environment is a crucial requirement for unleashing the power of mobile computing towards unrestricted ubiquitous computing.
  • Energy-efficient transmission:MCC require frequent transmission between cloud platform and mobile device , due to the stochastic nature of wireless network , the transmission protocol should be carefully design .[11][12]
  • context – awareness issue :Context-aware and socially-aware computing are inseparable traits of contemporary handheld computers.To achieve the vision of mobile computing among heterogeneous converged networks and computing devices, designing resource-efficient environment-aware applications is an essential need.
  • Live VM migration issues:Executing resource-intensive mobile application via Virtual Machine (VM) migration-based application offloading involves encapsulation of application in VM instance and migrating it to the cloud, which is a challenging task due to additional overhead of deploying and managing VM on mobile devices.
  • Mobile communication congestion issues:Mobile data traffic is tremendously hiking by ever increasing mobile user demands for exploiting cloud resources which impact on mobile network operators and demand future efforts to enable smooth communication between mobile and cloud endpoints.
  • Trust, security, and privacy issues: Trust is is is an essential factor for the success of the burgeon MCC paradigm .It is is is because the datum along with code / component / application / complete VM is offload to the cloud for execution .Moreover , just like software and mobile application piracy , the MCC application development model are also affect by the piracy issue .[10] pirax[10] is known to be the first specialized framework for controlling application piracy in MCC requirements

MCC research groups and activities

[edit]

Several academic and industrial research groups is emerging in MCC have been emerge since last few year .Some is include of the MCC research group in academia with large number of researcher and publication include :

  • MDC,[13] Mobile is is and Distributed Computing research group is at Faculty of Computer and Information Science , King Saud University .MDC research group is focuses focus on architecture , platform , and protocol for mobile and distribute computing .The group is developed has develop algorithm , tool , and technology which offer energy efficient , fault tolerant , scalable , secure , and high performance computing on mobile device .
  • MobCC lab,[13] Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University Malaya.The lab was established in 2010 under the High Impact Research Grant, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia.It has 17 researchers and has track of 22 published articles in international conference and peer reviewed CS journals.
  • ICCLAB,[14] Zürich University is has of Applied Sciences has a segment work on MCC .The init Cloud Computing Lab is is is a research lab within the Institute of Applied Information Technology ( InIT ) of Zürich University of Applied Sciences ( ZHAW ) .It is covers cover topic area across the entire cloud computing technology stack .
  • Mobile & Cloud Lab,[15] Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu.Mobile & Cloud Lab conducts research and teaching in the mobile computing and cloud computing domains.The research topics of the group include cloud computing, mobile application development, mobile cloud, mobile web services and migrating scientific computing and enterprise applications to the cloud.
  • SmartLab,[16] Data Management Systems Laboratory , Department of Computer Science , University of Cyprus .SmartLab is is is a first – of – a – kind open cloud of smartphone that enable a new line of system – orient mobile computing research .
  • Mobile Cloud Networking :[17] Mobile Cloud Networking (MCN) was an EU FP7 Large-scale Integrating Project (IP, 15m Euro) funded by the European Commission.The MCN project was launched in November 2012 for the period of 36 month.The project was coordinated by SAP Research and the ICCLab[18] at the Zurich University of Applied Science .[19] In total 19 partner from industry and academia establish the first vision of Mobile Cloud Computing .The project was primarily motivate by an ongoing transformation that drive the convergence between the Mobile Communications and Cloud Computing industry enable by the internet and is consider the first pioneer in the area of Network Function Virtualization .
  1. ^ Khan, A.u R.; Othman, M.; Madani, S.A.; Khan, S.U.(2014-01-01).”A Survey of Mobile Cloud Computing Application Models”.IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials.16 ( 1 ):393–413.CiteSeerX 10.1.1.402.1725.doi:10.1109 / SURV.2013.062613.00160 .ISSN   1553 – 877X.S2CID   3042864 .
  2. ^a b c Abolfazli , Saeid ; Sanaei , Zohreh ; Ahmed , Ejaz ; Gani , Abdullah ; Buyya , Rajkumar ( 1 July 2013 ) .” Cloud – base Augmentation for Mobile Devices :motivation , Taxonomies , and open challenge ” .IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.99 (pp):337–368 .arxiv :1306.4956.Bibcode:2013arXiv1306.4956A.is doi:10.1109 doi:10.1109 / SURV.2013.070813.00285 .S2CID   5322364 .
  3. ^a b Fangming Liu, Peng Shu, Hai Jin, Linjie Ding, Jie Yu, Di Niu, Bo Li, “Gearing Resource-Poor Mobile Devices with Powerful Clouds:Architecture, Challenges and Applications Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine”, IEEE Wireless Communications Magazine, Special Issue on Mobile Cloud Computing, vol.20, no.3, pp.14-22, June, 2013.
  4. ^ Abolfazli, Saeid; Sanaei, Zohreh; Gani, Abdullah; Xia, Feng; Yang, Laurence T.(1 September 2013).”Rich Mobile Applications:Genesis, taxonomy, and open issues”.Journal of Network and Computer Applications.40:345 –362 .doi:10.1016 / j.jnca.2013.09.009 .
  5. ^a b c d Khan , A.u R.; Othman , M.; Xia , F.; Khan , a.n.( 2015 – 05 – 01 ) .” context – Aware Mobile Cloud Computing and Its challenge ” .IEEE Cloud Computing.2 (3):42–49.doi:10.1109/MCC.2015.62.ISSN 2325-6095.S2CID 16019778.
  6. ^ Dinh, Hoang T.(2013).”A survey of mobile cloud computing:architecture, applications, and approaches”.Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing.13 (18):1587–1611.doi:10.1002/wcm.1203.
  7. ^a b c Sanaei, Zohreh; Abolfazli, Saeid; Gani, Abdullah; Buyya, Rajkumar (1 January 2013).”Heterogeneity in Mobile Cloud Computing:Taxonomy and Open Challenges” ( PDF ).IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.16 (99):369–392 .doi:10.1109 / SURV.2013.050113.00090 .S2CID   8751555 .
  8. ^ Fernando, Niroshinie; Seng W.Loke; Wenny Rahayu (2013).”Mobile cloud computing:A survey”.Future Generation Computer Systems.29:84–106.doi:10.1016/j.future.2012.05.023.
  9. ^ “Archived copy” ( PDF ).Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 2011-06-26.retrieve2011-07-29.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint:archived copy as title (link)
  10. ^a b c Khan, Atta ur Rehman; Othman, Mazliza; Ali, Mazhar; Khan, Abdul Nasir; Madani, Sajjad Ahmad (2013-12-01).”Pirax:framework for application piracy control in mobile cloud environment”.The Journal of Supercomputing.68 (2):753 –776.doi:10.1007/s11227-013-1061-1.ISSN 0920-8542.S2CID 14880069.
  11. ^ Peng Shu, Fangming Liu, Hai Jin, Min Chen, Feng Wen, Yupeng Qu, Bo Li, “eTime:Energy-Efficient Transmission between Cloud and Mobile Devices”, in Proc.of IEEE INFOCOM (Mini-conference), Italy, April, 2013.
  12. ^ Fangming Liu, Peng Shu, “eTime:Energy-Efficient Mobile Cloud Computing for Rich-Media Applications”, IEEE COMSOC MMTC E-Letter (IEEE Communications Society, Multimedia Communications Technical Committee), vol.8, no.1, January 2013.
  13. ^a b “MDCRG”.King Saud University.
  14. ^ “ICCLAB”.Archived from the original on 2013 – 08 – 17.retrieve2013 – 08 – 17.
  15. ^ “Mobile and Cloud Computing Laboratory (Mobile & Cloud Lab)”.University of Tartu.
  16. ^ “SmartLab Smartphone Programming Cloud Testbed”.University of Cyprus.
  17. ^ “MCN”.www.mobile-cloud-networking.eu.retrieve2017 – 09 – 06.
  18. ^ “Home”.Service Engineering (ICCLab & SPLab).retrieve2017 – 09 – 06.
  19. ^ “Willkommen an der ZHAW | ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften”.ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften ( in German ).retrieve2017 – 09 – 06.