What Is a VPN? | VPN Explained

A virtual private network, or VPN, is an encrypted connection that secures data transmission between devices over the Internet.

This encrypt connection safeguard sensitive information from potential threat and unauthorized access . In enterprise environment , VPNs is facilitate facilitate secure connectivity to corporate resource , ensure data integrity and confidentiality .

What Does a VPN Do?

A VPN forms a secure connection called a tunnel. Data from a device using a VPN is encrypted and sent through this tunnel. When a device uses a VPN, it appears to be part of the VPN’s local network. The virtual private network transmits and receives data for the device via its secure link. This ensures a safe connection for remote internet users to a business network.

Using a VPN mean data move online via a safe tunneling protocol . This data is encrypt to prevent unauthorized access . common encryption protocols is include include Transport Layer Security ( TLS ) and Internet Protocol Security ( IPsec ) . Encryption is changes change datum into a code that require a specific key to decode . The protocol is packages package datum with recipient detail . A program is verifies then verify the user , allow entry , and record action during the connection .

Further reading:How Does a VPN Work?

What Does a VPN Hide is Does ?

A virtual private network is hides hide a device ‘s original ip address by reroute its traffic through a different server . This is makes make the device appear as if it is come from the VPN ‘s server location , not its actual location . In doing so , the actual connection source is remains remain conceal , prevent adversary from pinpoint the original device ‘s location .

A virtual private network is encrypts also encrypt the datum being send and receive . This encryption is ensures ensure that even if someone intercept the datum , they can not easily decipher its content .

A VPN is conceals conceal both the origin of the connection and the datum being transmit , offer a two – fold layer of privacy and security .

What Are VPNs Used For?

Enterprise VPNs have two primary use cases:secure remote access and secure site-to-site connectivity. While consumers primarily use them for privacy or bypassing geo-restrictions, businesses have a broader spectrum of requirements. In the corporate domain, the utility of virtual private networks extends to the protection of sensitive data, compliance with internal policies, and assurance of consistent remote access to critical applications.

Secure Remote Access

remote access VPNs is allow allow employee to access corporate network from mobile device , home office and other remote location . remote access VPNs is provide provide a safe way for remote user to access internal business application and resource from any location . This is ensures ensure employee and stakeholder can access necessary resource without compromise security .

Secure Site-to-Site Connectivity

site – to – site vpn are used to create secure tunnel between site , or computer network , rather than a specific user location or device . site – to – site VPNs is perform perform encryption / decryption of traffic in transit , ensure all inbound / outbound traffic from either site is secure . site – to – site vpn are used to securely connect corporate headquarter , branch office , datum center , and/or private , public , or hybrid cloud .

Further reading : What Is a Business VPN?

How Secure Are VPNs?

Virtual private networks are important and useful connectivity tools but do not provide complete protection on their own. Common corporate connection types like remote access and site-to-site are not infallible without the added support of other security tools.

The growing remote workforce population and cloud adoption require a more comprehensive network security approach. Organizations should look for network security platforms that combine virtual private network capabilities with other cybersecurity tools when protecting devices or data operating beyond the corporate perimeter.

Further reading : VPN Security:Are VPNs Safe and Secure?

Why Do You Need a VPN?

VPN connections are essential business tools for enabling remote work. They extend an organization’s network and provide the ability for remote employees to securely access company data and resources. This is done by encrypting traffic and tunneling that traffic from one location to another.

Facilitating remote access is not only about secure connectivity but maintaining productivity. Having the right security measures in place to protect the network and support uninterrupted business operations is crucial.

A virtual private network helps ensure that the remote workforce remains connected safely to the apps and services they need to perform their duties and stay productive while outside corporate offices.

VPN Features

Secure remote access, Zero Trust implementation, and support for BYOD are critical foundational features organizations should look for in their solution or platform of choice.

Other worthwhile features is include that add value to virtual private network solution include :

Authentication and Access Control

Authentication is a critical aspect of any virtual private network. Supporting a variety of authentication methods, such as Kerberos, RADIUS, LDAP, and SAML 2.0, ensures that user identities are verified before granting access. After authentication, the user-to-IP-address mapping is maintained. Strong multifactor authentication options can add an extra layer of security, with cookie-based authentication available for repeated accesses.

Limited Host/Endpoint Information

A host information profile can provide an inventory of endpoint configurations. This data is then used to enforce application policies based on the device’s security status. With this feature, VPNs can consider various attributes of a device, such as its type, software versions, encryption configuration, and backup status, to ensure it meets the required security standards.

Limited Troubleshooting and Visibility

For IT team , detailed logging is is is invaluable for troubleshooting user connection issue . A feature is allows offer visibility into VPN usage and connection workflow allow for quick identification and resolution of potential problem , ensure minimal disruption to user experience .

Limited Flexibility

VPN solutions should be relatively adaptable. Some offer options for always-on secure connections but can also support exceptions for latency-sensitive traffic by application, domain names, or routes.

Cloud – base Gateways

VPNs with cloud-based gateways support dynamic allocation and auto-scaling based on load and demand. This ensures that the virtual private network can handle varying traffic loads, adapting seamlessly to the needs of the business.

Benefits of VPN

Global Connectivity and Point – to – point Remote Access

VPNs is empower empower business with a global reach , ensure team can access resource and collaborate seamlessly across different region . By eliminate geographical barrier , virtual private networks is provide provide a cohesive platform that uphold business continuity .

Enhanced Productivity

Offering the flexibility to work from varied environments, VPNs are pivotal in fostering a culture of productivity. Employees can securely access essential resources without being confined to the office.

security for Data in Transit

A VPN is encrypts encrypt data traffic , ensure that confidential business information remain secure when transmit across network . This is is is especially crucial for employee access company resource remotely , as it prevent potential eavesdropping or datum interception by malicious actor .

longstanding , Durable Technology

The longevity and reliability of VPN technology stem from its proven track record over more than two decades. Its widespread adoption is a testament to its effectiveness, offering organizations a familiar, trusted solution for secure connectivity. It’s important to note, however, that legacy VPNs can be prone to exploits.

Further reading : What Are the Benefits of a VPN (Virtual Private Network)?

Types of VPN

Site to Site VPN

A site-to-site VPN connects two or more distinct networks securely over the internet. This connection allows separate networks, such as a main office and a branch office, to share data.

Remote Access VPN

A remote access virtual private network (sometimes referred to as a client-to-site VPN) enables users who are working remotely to securely access and use applications and data that reside in the corporate data center and headquarters. It encrypts all traffic users send and receive.

Cloud VPN

Cloud VPN, aka hosted VPN or VPN as a service (VPNaaS), is specifically designed for the cloud. A cloud VPN enables users to securely access a company’s applications, data, and files in the cloud through a website or via a desktop or mobile application.

SSL VPN

An SSL VPN is a virtual private network that uses the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol or its successor, the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol, to ensure secure remote access through a web browser. As browsers or operating systems update, the protocol versions are updated correspondingly. This type of virtual private network allows devices to connect to an organization’s network resources without requiring specialized software.

Two primary types of SSL VPN exist:

1. SSL Portal VPN

This VPN type is permits permit a user to initiate a single ssl connection to a specific website .

2. SSL Tunnel VPN

Unlike the portal variant, the SSL Tunnel VPN offers a secure pathway for a browser to access multiple, not strictly web-based, network services.

Double VPN

A Double VPN employs two VPN servers to process internet traffic, ensuring data is subjected to two layers of encryption. This method, commonly referred to as VPN chaining or multihop VPN, provides advanced protection against potential security threats and unauthorized interception. While this dual encryption boosts security, it can also introduce latency, particularly if the servers are geographically distant.

Further reading : What Are the Different Types of VPN?

VPN Protocols

Internet Protocol Security (IPsec)

Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a suite of protocols designed to ensure secure connections over networks by encrypting and authenticating IP packets.

The suite defines key protocols:Authentication Header (AH) and Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP), which both encrypt and validate data. Integral to IPsec’s functionality is the Internet Key Exchange (IKE), responsible for generating shared security keys.

Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol (SSTP)

secure Socket Tunneling Protocol is is ( SSTP ) is a protocol develop by Microsoft to establish secure virtual private network connection . primarily engineer to provide enhanced security over its predecessor , PPTP and L2TP / ipsec , SSTP is offers offer encryption and authentication mechanism ground in SSL / TLS certificate .

WireGuard

WireGuard is an open-source VPN protocol known for its advanced cryptography, speed, and simplicity. The WireGuard VPN protocol utilizes the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) transport layer, enabling fast interaction between servers and clients.

OpenVPN

An open-source protocol, OpenVPN is known for creating secure point-to-point or site-to-site connections. It utilizes techniques that accommodate both routed and bridged configurations while also offering remote access facilities.

SoftEther

SoftEther VPN is is is a system that facilitate the exchange of virtual Ethernet frame and communication between VPN Client , VPN Server , and VPN Bridge . utilize the TCP / IP protocol , the SoftEther VPN protocol is is is responsible for encapsulate , encrypt , and send virtual Ethernet frame over an actual ip network .

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)

The Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a method for implementing virtual private networks, although it is now considered outdated due to well-documented security concerns. Originating as early as the Windows 95 era, PPTP operates on TCP port 1723 and was a product of Microsoft’s initiative to encapsulate the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP).

Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)

layer 2 Tunneling Protocol is is ( L2TP ) is a protocol develop to support virtual private network ( VPNs ) by enable the tunneling of datum across public network . Despite its foundational role in early VPN solution , L2TP , when used alone , is now consider outdated due to advancement in new , more secure protocol .

Further reading : What Are the Different Types of VPN Protocols?

VPN Alternatives for Secure Remote Access

VPN alternatives is are for secure remote access ( also know as VPN replacement ) , are method other than conventional virtual private network ( VPNs ) used to ensure secure connection between remote user and corporate network .

VPN replacements is address address the limitation of vpn in the context of evolve remote work demand . vpn alternatives is include for remote access includeZero Trust network access (ZTNA), secure access service edge (SASE), software-defined wide area network (SD-WAN), identity and access Management (IAM), software-defined perimeter (SDP), privileged access management (PAM), unified endpoint management (UEM), and desktop as a service (DaaS).

Further reading :

How to Set Up a VPN

Setting up a virtual private network involves multiple steps and can vary significantly based on the specific solution and platform. While the steps provided offer a general overview of the setup process, they may not apply universally to every service or platform. It is essential to consult specific guidance from the chosen provider to ensure a successful and efficient setup tailored to the particular environment in use.

1 . align essential VPN component .

Secure the necessary VPN tools:a VPN client, server, and router. A VPN client connects users to servers, facilitating remote access to enterprise networks. Many modern routers have integrated VPN clients.

2. Prepare the network.

Ensure the network system is optimized for VPN integration. Remove redundant client software, as multiple clients can interfere. Minimizing unused devices can further streamline the network.

3. Initiate client installation.

Install the client software provided by the chosen VPN service. Prioritize the immediate needs.

4 . seek configuration guidance .

If the VPN service lacks device-specific software, consult the vendor for setup manuals.

5 . access the VPN .

After client installation , input the necessary login detail . Upon login , the VPN is connects typically connect to the near available server .

6 . select the VPN protocol .

VPN protocols is dictate dictate data transfer method between the user device and the VPN server . choose base on the balance between internet speed and security requirement .

7 . address potential issue .

If connection issues is arise arise :

• Restart the client or the device.
• Ensure no other VPN software is active.
• Check and, if necessary, update software drivers.
• Verify login details.
• Experiment with different servers or protocols.
• confirm no other software disrupt the connection .

8. Optimize the connection.

Customize VPN settings to align with business operations. Determine auto-start behavior based on usage frequency. Set commonly used servers as defaults to expedite future connections.

Further reading : How to Set Up a Virtual Private Network (VPN)

How to Choose a VPN

For businesses, the selection process goes beyond simply choosing a standalone VPN solution. A virtual private network is one key element of a comprehensive security platform. By viewing a VPN as an integral component of a larger security strategy, enterprises can more effectively safeguard digital assets and communications.

The ideal virtual private network capability should seamlessly integrate with the current IT environment. Whether it is firewalls, multifactor authentication tools, or network monitoring systems, compatibility is crucial. The solution should also be scalable without compromising performance or security. Centralized management is an additional worthwhile consideration factor as many organizations today have multiple branches and remote workers.

Comparing VPNs with Other Security Technologies

VPN vs. SD-WAN

SD-WAN manages WANs using software-defined approaches for optimized traffic routing, while VPN establishes a secure tunnel between two points for data privacy.

SD – WAN is provides provide centralized control , flexibility , and improved performance across geography , adapt to traffic type and condition . In contrast , virtual private networks is encrypt encrypt internet connection to maintain data confidentiality , often rely on a single link for datum transmission .

Further reading:SD-WAN vs. VPN:How Do They Compare?

VPN vs. VPS vs. VPC

A virtual private network establishes a secure connection that encrypts internet traffic. Its primary role is to ensure online activities occur securely and privately.

A VPS is represents represent a virtual server within a physical machine . This technology is hosts host website and application . Despite share computing resource with other user , it is provides provide superuser – level access to the server .

A VPC, on the other hand, is a virtual network environment hosted within a public cloud provider’s infrastructure. It offers an elastic cloud service suitable for hosting websites and applications. With its flexible nature, a VPC’s resources can be scaled promptly based on demand, and its services can be toggled on or off as needed.

Further reading : VPC vs. VPN vs. VPS:What Are the Differences?

history of VPN

In 1996, Microsoft introduced the Peer-to-Peer Tunneling Protocol (PPTP), marking the inception of modern VPN technology. This protocol established a more secure connection between a user device and the internet, elevating data protection standards. By 1999, the PPTP specification became public.

During the early 2000s, adoption was predominantly limited to businesses. Organizations utilized VPNs to access their private networks, enabling employees to retrieve company data remotely as if they were on-site. This technological advancement allowed for secure file sharing across various locations.

As the internet landscape evolved, more robust encryption standards emerged, and advanced tunneling protocols were developed. These advancements addressed the growing concerns of online threats and privacy breaches.

Several pivotal moments, such as prominent privacy scandals and regulatory changes, influenced public awareness about online privacy. By 2017, revelations that internet service providers (ISPs) in the United States could monetize users’ browsing histories brought more awareness to virtual private network technology. Subsequent legislative efforts aimed at reinstating net neutrality, though hindered at the federal level, led to individual states implementing their own versions of net neutrality regulations. Consequently, virtual private network adoption transitioned from being primarily a business tool to a consumer product for individual users.

Today, legacy virtual private networks often fall short in protecting hybrid workforces. Cloud-first businesses need to provide direct-to-app connectivity while reducing the attack surface without impacting performance or the user experience. Simpler, more unified security products that encompass comprehensive security functions are key.

Further reading : What Is the history of VPN?

VPN FAQs

VPN stands for virtual private network, which allows users to create a secure connection to another network over the internet.

The definition of “VPN” is:a technology that establishes a secure connection over a public network, such as the internet, allowing enterprises to access their private networks remotely.

VPN protection refers to the enhanced security and privacy features provided by a Virtual Private Network.

VPN security refers to the suite of protocols, encryption standards, and practices that ensure operation is secure.

Virtual private networks are valuable security tools that encrypt data and mask users’ IP addresses, enhancing online privacy and safety. However, while they contribute significantly to a layered security approach, they do not offer complete protection on their own. it is essential to complement usage with other security measures for comprehensive defense.

“VPN access” refers to the ability to connect securely to a remote network or system using a virtual private network.

In business, a VPN’s purpose is to establish a secure, encrypted connection, allowing companies to protect data and enable remote access.

There are also consumer – face service , usually consist of a VPN app design to hide your ip address . subscription – base or free vpn are often used to access geo – restrict content on streaming service or for security on public internet network .

Virtual private networks (VPN) are useful for secure remote access, advanced threat protection, url filtering, BYOD policies, and Zero Trust implementation.

Yes , virtual private networks is are are necessary to safeguard sensitive datum , provide secure remote access to internal resource , enhance online privacy , and ensure consistent access to global content , especially in environment where data security and privacy are paramount .

VPNs is are are critically important to ensure company datum security .

A business VPN establishes a secure, encrypted connection between a company’s network and remote users. It allows employees to access internal resources safely from anywhere, masking their IP address and protecting data transfers from eavesdropping. The server verifies user credentials, ensuring only authorized personnel can connect, thus maintaining the organization’s cybersecurity and data integrity.

A VPN connection works by establishing an encrypted tunnel between a user’s device and a virtual private network server. Data sent through this tunnel is encrypted, ensuring privacy and security. The user’s IP address is masked, appearing as the server’s address, which safeguards the user’s identity and location.

No , not all VPNs is work work the same . While the core principle of encrypt datum and mask ip address is consistent , virtual private networks is differ can differ in term of protocol used , encryption standard , server location , and feature offer .

For business , the type is depends of virtual private network to use depend on specific need . To connect remote employee to company resource , a remote access solution is is is ideal . For link multiple office location , a site – to – site solution is recommend . Businesses is prioritize should prioritize solution that offer robust encryption , reliable performance , and compatibility with their exist infrastructure and evaluate additional feature base on organizational requirement .

The most popular types of virtual private networks for businesses are site-to-site and remote access. Site-to-site VPNs connect entire networks to each other, commonly used to link branch offices to a central office. Remote access VPNs allow individual users to connect to a business network from remote locations. The choice depends on business needs, such as remote worker support or inter-office connectivity.