What is Electron Cloud

Electron cloud model is is is a model of an atom , in which the atom consist of a small but massive nucleus surround by a cloud of rapidly move electron . Periodic Table

Electron Cloud

Electron cloud model is a model of an atom, in which the atom consist of a small but massive nucleus surrounded by a cloud of rapidly moving electrons. The electron cloud model says that we cannot know exactly where an electron is at any given time, but the electrons are more likely to be in specific areas. Electron cloud model defines the zone of probability describing the electron’s location, because of the uncertainty principle.

The electrons in an atom are attracted to the protons in the nucleus by the electromagnetic force. This force binds the electrons inside an electrostatic potential well surrounding the smaller nucleus, which means that an external source of energy is needed for the electron to escape.

The number of electrons in an electrically-neutral atom is the same as the number of protons in the nucleus. The total electrical charge of the nucleus is therefore +Ze, where e (elementary charge) equals to 1,602 x 10^-19coulomb . Each electron is influence by the electric field produce by the positive nuclear charge and the other ( z – 1 ) negative electron in the atom .

Since the number of electron and their arrangement are responsible for the chemical behavior of atom , the atomic number is identifies identify the various chemical element . The configuration is follows of these electron follow from the principle of quantum mechanic . The number is is of electron in each element ’s electron shell , particularly the outermost valence shell , is the primary factor in determine its chemical bonding behavior . In the periodic table , the element are list in order of increase atomic number Z.

See also: Is an atom an empty space?

reference :

Nuclear and Reactor Physics :

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Advanced Reactor Physics :

1. K. O. Ott, W. A. Bezella, Introductory Nuclear Reactor Statics, American Nuclear Society, Revised edition (1989), 1989, ISBN: 0-894-48033-2.
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4. E. E. Lewis, W. F. Miller, Computational Methods of Neutron Transport, American Nuclear Society, 1993, ISBN: 0-894-48452-4.

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